Zithini iirhafu okanye imirhumo yamasiko kwiilori zokutya eJamani?

Iirhafu kunye nemirhumo yokuthumela ngaphandle ilori yokutya eJamani inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ixabiso lelori, imvelaphi, kunye nemimiselo ethile ehambelana nokungeniswa kwesithuthi. Nantsi isishwankathelo sento onokuyilindela:

1. UMrhumo weCustoms

Imisebenzi yeCustoms idla ngokusetyenziswa ngokusekwe kuhlelo lwelori phantsi kwekhowudi yeHarmonized System (HS) kunye nemvelaphi yayo. Ukuba ungenisa ilori yokutya evela kwilizwe elingelona i-EU (umzekelo, i-China), umlinganiselo womsebenzi uqhelekile10%yexabiso lezithethe. Ixabiso lamasiko lidla ngokuba lixabiso elori, kunye neendleko zokuthumela kunye ne-inshurensi.

Ukuba ilori yokutya ithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe le-EU, akukho ntlawulo yempahla, njengoko i-EU isebenza njengendawo enye ye-customs.

2. IRhafu eyoNgezelwe kwiXabiso (VAT)

IJamani isebenzisa aI-19% ye-VAT(Mehrwertsteuer, okanye MwSt) kwizinto ezininzi ezingeniswa elizweni. Le rhafu ihlawuliswa kwiindleko ezipheleleyo zeempahla, kubandakanywa umrhumo wempahla kunye neendleko zokuthumela. Ukuba ilori yokutya yenzelwe ushishino, unokukwazi ukuyibuyisela i-VAT ngobhaliso lwakho lwe-VAT yaseJamani, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile.

• I-VAT yangaphandle: I-19% isemgangathweni, kodwa izinga elincitshisiweyo le-7% linokufaka isicelo kwiimpahla ezithile, nangona oku kungenakwenzeka ukuba kufakwe kwilori yokutya.

3. UBhaliso kunye neeRhafu zeZithuthi

Nje ukuba iilori zokutya zibe seJamani, kuya kufuneka ubhalise kunye nabasemagunyeni okubhaliswa kwemoto yaseJamani (Kfz-Zulassungsstelle). Irhafu yemoto iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani benjini yelori, ukukhutshwa kweCO2, kunye nobunzima. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uqinisekise ukuba ilori yokutya ithobela ukhuseleko lwasekhaya kunye nemigangatho yokukhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo.

4. Iindleko ezongezelelweyo

Kusenokubakho imirhumo eyongezelelweyo:

• Ukukhutshwa kwezithethe kunye nokuphathwa: Ukuba usebenzisa i-customer broker ukucima ilori ngamasiko, lindela ukuhlawula umrhumo wabo wenkonzo.
• Ukuhlolwa kunye nokuhlolwa kokuthotyelwa: Ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha zelori, kunokufuneka ukuba kulungiswe ukuguqulwa ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwendlela yaseJamani (umzekelo, ukukhutshwa, ukukhanya, njl.).

5. Ukukhululwa okanye Izaphulelo

Kwezinye iimeko, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile lwelori yokutya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, unokufumana ukuxolelwa okanye ukuncitshiswa. Umzekelo, ukuba isithuthi sithathwa njengesithuthi "esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo" esikhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo ezisezantsi, unokufumana iingenelo zerhafu okanye izibonelelo kwizixeko ezithile.

Ukuqukumbela

Isishwankathelo, ukungenisa ilori yokutya eJamani ukusuka kwilizwe elingelona i-EU njenge China kubandakanya:

• I-10% yerhafu yempahlangexabiso lemoto + yokuthumela + i-inshurensi.
• I-19% ye-VATkwiindleko zizonke kuquka nomsebenzi.
• Imirhumo eyongezelelweyo yokubhalisa, ukuhlolwa, kunye neerhafu zezithuthi ezinokubakho.

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nomthengisi wempahla okanye ingcaphephe yendawo ukuze ufumane uqikelelo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimfuno ezisemthethweni nezolawulo ziyafezekiswa.